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Forest

About Hornbills

Importance

Hornbills, often called the “farmers of the forest,” are essential to the health of our woodlands. These migratory birds disperse seeds over vast areas, promoting plant regeneration and supporting rich biodiversity. With 10 of the 13 hornbill species in Thailand classified as vulnerable or endangered, the urgency for effective conservation measures has never been greater.

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Critically Endangered: Helmeted hornbill, Black hornbill, Wrinkled hornbill

Endangered: Rufous-necked hornbill, Plain-pouched hornbill, Rhinoceros hornbill, White-crowned hornbill 

Vulnerable: Tickell’s brown hornbill, Austeb’s brown hornbill, Bushey-crested hornbill

Near threatened: Great hornbill, Wreathed hornbill, Oriental hornbill

Image of seeds dispersed by hornbills under their nest.

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Image of plants under the hornbills' nest that grew from the seeds previous hornbills dispersed.

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The Problem

Deforestation, illegal logging, and poaching have decimated natural tree cavities—the only nesting sites hornbills rely on. Without these essential habitats, hornbill populations are rapidly declining, jeopardizing entire ecosystems.

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